Ipperwash: The Tragic Failure of Canada's Aboriginal Policy

Preface

1. Introduction

• Ipperwash as a Case Study; Dissent and Society
• The So-Called ‘Indian Problem’
• Research on Aboriginal Policy; Legal, Cultural, and Social Variability
• Modern Aboriginal Conditions
• The Scope of the Book

2. Aboriginal Policy in Canada

• The Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples (1996)
• Nunavut: A New Land, A New Deal (1999)
• Ipperwash Inquiry (1995-2007; Canada Votes against UN Aboriginal Rights Declaration (2007)
• Prime Minister Harper’s Apology (2008)
• Aboriginal Leader’s Reactions
• Urban Aboriginal Strategy (1997-2012)
• Assessing Canada’s Aboriginal Policy
• Conclusion

3. The Nature of Aboriginal Rights

• The Context of Aboriginal Claims
• The Concept of Aboriginal Rights
• Treaties and Land Surrenders
• Aboriginal Claims Policy
• The Courts and Aboriginal Claims
• Conclusion

4. The Politics of Resistance and Confrontation

• Contested Ground: The Nature of Resistance
• The Ojibway Warrior Society, Kenora, Ontario (1974)
• The Teme-Augama Anishnabai Logging Blockade (1988)
• The Innu and the Goose Bay Air Base Occupation (1988)
• The Lubicon Lake Cree Confrontation (1988)
• The Mohawk Warrior Society, Oka, Quebec (1990)
• First Nations Policing Policy (1992)
• The Gustafsen Lake Standoff (1995)
• The Burnt Church Fishing Dispute (2002)
• Caledonia and the Grand River Land Dispute (2006)
• Grassy Narrows: Mercury Poisoning and Forest Management Protest (2006)
• The Akwesasne Border Confrontation (2009)
• Patterns of Resistance: Comparative Perspectives
• Aboriginal-Police Relations: Resistance and Reconciliation
• Conclusion

5. The Ipperwash confrontation

• Aboriginal Origins in Ontario
• Kettle and Stony Point First Nations
• Land Cessions
• The Occupation of Ipperwash Park
• The Ontario Government’s Response
• Racial and Culturally Intolerant Attitudes
• The Shooting of Dudley George
• The OPP Response
• A Framework for Police Preparedness
• Chiefs of Ontario Response to the Framework
• Did the OPP Forget the Lessons of Ipperwash?
• Amnesty International is Watching
• Ipperwash Inquiry Backlash
• Ipperwash and the Media
• Conclusion

6. Ipperwash Inquiry Recommendations

• Ipperwash Inquiry Recommendations
• Policing Aboriginal Protests and Occupations
• Facilitating Negotiations
• Project Maple: Crisis Negotiation
• Redressive Action
• Treaty Commission of Ontario
• Wider Considerations of the Ipperwash Inquiry
• Update: Return of Land and Settlements
• Conclusion

7. Ipperwash as Racial Oppression

• Anti-Native Prejudice
• Understanding Racial Oppression
• The Violent Suppression of Aboriginal Protests
• Policy Recommendations Concerning Aboriginal Protests
• Aboriginal Policy as an Exercise of Choice?
• The Systemic Nature of Racial Oppression
• Conclusion

8. Institutional Racism in Canada

• The Characteristics of Institutional Racism
• The Media
• The Police
• The State
• A Policy of Respect, Justice and Tolerance
• Summary of Aboriginal Issues
• Concluding Remarks on Aboriginal Protests and Resistance

NOTES

References

Appendix

Index