Preface
Preface to the First Edition
List of Tables
List of Maps
Part One: Introduction and Pre-Kievan Times
1 Ukraine's Geographic and Ethnolinguistic Setting
Territory and geography
Climate
Natural resources
Administrative and ethnolinguistic divisions
Population
Nomenclature
2 Historical Perceptions
The Russian historical viewpoint
What is eastern Europe?
The Polish historical viewpoint
The Ukrainian historical viewpoint
Kostomarov on Ukrainians, Russians, and Poles
The Soviet historical viewpoint
3 The Steppe Hinterland and the Black Sea Cities
The steppe hinterland
Trypillians and Ukrainians
Nomadic civilizations on Ukrainian territory
The nomads of the steppe hinterland
The Greeks of the coastal region
The Pax Scythica, the Sarmatians, and the Pax Romana
Scythian customs
The Byzantines and the Khazars
4 The Slavs and the Khazars
The origins of the Slavs
The original homeland of the Slavs
The migrations of the Slavs
The Antes
Archaeology in Ukraine
The Pax Chazarica
The Slavic tribes in the shadow of the Khazars
Part Two: The Kievan Period
5 The Rise of Kievan Rus'
The origin of Rus'
The great debate: The origin of Rus'
Europe in the ninth century
The Varangians in the east
The era of growth and expansion
6 Political Consolidation and Disintegration
Volodymyr the Great
The meaning of Rus'
Christianity and the baptism of Rus'
Christianity in Ukraine
Iaroslav the Wise
The Kievan system of political succession
The conference of Liubech and Volodymyr Monomakh
The era of disintegration
7 Socioeconomic and Cultural Developments
Demography and social structure
The ruling social strata
The social structure of Kievan Rus'
The subordinate social strata
Other social strata
The legal system
The economic order
The voyage from Kiev to Constantinople
Byzantine cultural influences
The Byzantine Empire and its attitude toward Kievan Rus'
Kievan Rus' architecture
Kievan Rus' language and literature
What was the language of Kievan Rus' ?
The "Lay of Ihor's Campaign"
8 The Mongols and the Transformation of Rus' Political Life
The rise of the Mongols
The Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'
The Golden Horde
The Pax Mongolica and Italian merchants
Italianate Crimea and the Black Death
9 Galicia-Volhynia
Galicia and Volhynia before their unification
The unification of Galicia and Volhynia
The metropolitanate of Rus'
The demise of Galicia-Volhynia
Part Three: The Lithuanian-Polish-Crimean Period
10 Lithuania and the Union with Poland
The consolidation of the Lithuanian state
The Polish-Lithuanian connection
Muscovy and the Polish-Lithuanian union
11 Socioeconomic Developments
Lithuania's social structure
Social estates in Lithuania and Poland
Lithuania's administrative structure
Poland's social and administrative structure
Peasants, nobles, and Jews
The manorial estate
The coming of Jews to Ukraine
The realignment of international trade patterns
Poland's economic and cultural revival
12 The Orthodox Cultural Revival
The Metropolitanate of Kiev
The Metropolitanate of Kiev and All Rus'
The monastic movement
The role of townspeople and magnates
Ľviv's Stauropegial Brotherhood
13 Reformation, Counter Reformation, and the Union of Brest
The Protestant Reformation
The Counter Reformation and Orthodox Ukraine
The Union of Brest
The views of Prince Kostiantyn Ostroz'kyi
The Union of Brest
14 The Tatars and the Crimean Khanate
The Crimean Khanate
Crimean socioeconomic life
The Karaites
The Nogay Tatars and slavery
Was Ottoman and Crimean slavery all that bad?
15 The Cossacks and Ukraine
The steppe
The name 'Ukraine'
The rise of the Cossacks
The Cossacks of Zaporozhia
The Cossacks in Polish society
Social estates in sixteenth- and early seventeenth-century Ukraine
A male-dominated society?
The international role of the Cossacks
The Cossacks and Orthodoxy
Orthodox versus Uniate
The calm before the storm
Part Four: The Cossack State, 1648-1711
16 Khmeľnyts'kyi and the Uprising of 1648
Khmeľnyts'kyi's early career
The uprising of 1648
Khmeľnyts'kyi and the Jews
Khmeľnyts'kyi as a national leader
17 Muscovy and the Agreement of Pereiaslav
The rise of Muscovy
Muscovy, Poland, and Ukraine
Khmeľnyts'kyi and Pereiaslav
The Agreement of Pereiaslav
18 The Period of Ruin
Changing international alliances
The Cossack turn toward Poland
The Union of Hadiach
Anarchy, ruin, and the division of Ukraine
19 The Structure of the Cossack State
Registered and unregistered Cossacks
Internal administration
What to call the Cossack state?
The Cossack state administration
International status
20 Mazepa and the Great Northern War
The image of Mazepa
The rise of Mazepa
Mazepa as hetman: The early phase
Mazepa during the Great Northern War
Mazepa's defection
Mazepa and Ukraine after Poltava
21 Socioeconomic and Cultural Developments in the Cossack State
Social structure
Social estates in the Cossack state
Economic developments
Church and state
Cultural developments
The transformation of Ukraine after 1648
Part Five: Ukrainian Lands in the Eighteenth Century
22 Ukraine's Autonomy and the Russian Empire
Muscovy becomes the Russian Empire
Sloboda Ukraine
Zaporozhia
The Hetmanate
The Crimean Khanate
Transformation under Russian rule
23 Socioeconomic Developments
The changing social structure
Economic developments
International trade and commerce
24 Religious and Cultural Developments
The integration of the Orthodox church
Education
Architecture and painting
Literature and history writing
25 The Right Bank and Western Ukraine
The return of Polish rule in the Right Bank
Social protest and the haidamak revolts
Uman' as a symbol for Ukrainians, Poles, and Jews
The Partitions of Poland
Part Six: Ukrainian lands in the Russian Empire
26 Administrative and Political Developments in Dnieper Ukraine
Territorial divisions
Administrative structure
Administrative structure in Dnieper Ukraine before the 1860s
Administrative structure in Dnieper Ukraine after the 1860s
The evolution of the Russian Empire, 1814-1914
27 Socioeconomic Developments in Dnieper Ukraine
Social estates before the 1860s
Social estates in Dnieper Ukraine
The reforms of the 1860s
Economic developments
28 The Peoples of Dnieper Ukraine
The Russians
The Poles
What Ukraine means for Poland
The Jews
Memories of the 'shtetľ
Pogroms
The Germans and Mennonites
The Crimean Tatars
The Romanians
Other peoples
29 The Ukrainian National Awakening in Dnieper Ukraine before the 1860s
The idea of nationalism
What is a nationality?
The phenomenon of multiple loyalties
The early histories of Ukraine
The belief in mutually exclusive identities
30 The Ukrainian National Movement in Dnieper Ukraine after the Era of Reforms
The Right Bank and the 'khlopomany' movement
Ukrainianism in St Petersburg and the renewal of the organizational stage
Russian reaction to the Ukrainian movement
The Valuev decree
Schools in Dnieper Ukraine
The Ems Ukase
The church in Dnieper Ukraine
The return to the heritage-gathering stage
The beginnings of the political stage
Part Seven: Ukrainian lands in the Austrian Empire
31 The Administrative and Social Structure of Ukrainian Lands in the Austrian Empire before 1848
Austria acquires Ukrainian lands
The structure of the Austrian Empire
The demographic and administrative status of Galicia and Bukovina
The economic status of Galicia before 1848
Other peoples in eastern Galicia
32 The Ukrainian National Awakening in the Austrian Empire before 1848
The Austrian government and the Ukrainian national awakening
The heritage-gathering stage in Galicia
Bukovina and Transcarpathia before 1848
33 The Revolution of 1848
The revolution in Austria
The revolution in Galicia and the Ukrainians
The Supreme Ruthenian Council
The national movement in Galicia and the beginning of the organizational stage
The revolution of 1848 in Bukovina and Transcarpathia
34 The Administrative and Socioeconomic Structure of Ukrainian Lands in the Austrian Empire, 1849- 1914
Administrative structure
International developments and Austria's internal politics
Austria's parliamentary structure
Social structure and economic developments
The problem of statistics
The Ukrainian diaspora
Other peoples in eastern Galicia and Bukovina
Ukraine's other diasporas
35 The Ukrainian National Movement in Austria-Hungary, 1849-1914
In search of a national identity
Old Ruthenians, Russophiles, and Ukrainophiles
Language as the symbol of identity
The national movement in Galicia: The organizational stage
The national movement in Galicia: The political stage
Independence for Ukraine
At the bottom of the pecking order
The national movement in Bukovina
The national movement in Transcarpathia
Part Eight: World War I and the Struggle for Independence
36 World War I and Western Ukraine
The outbreak of World War I
The Russians in Galicia and Bukovina
Ukrainian political activity in Vienna
37 Revolutions in the Russian Empire
Russia's first revolution of 1917
Revolution in Dnieper Ukraine
The Central Rada
First Universal of the Ukrainian Central Rada
The Bolshevik Revolution
Third Universal of the Ukrainian Central Rada (Preamble)
The Ukrainian National Republic
The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
38 The Period of the Hetmanate
The establishment of the Hetmanate
Authoritarian in form, Ukrainian in content
The fall of the Hetmanate
39 The Directory, Civil War, and the Bolsheviks
The Directory of the Ukrainian National Republic
The Bolsheviks
The peasant revolution
The White Russians
The Allied Powers
The West Ukrainian National Republic and Dnieper Ukraine
Poland and Dnieper Ukraine
40 The revolutionary era and Dnieper Ukraine's other peoples
The Jews
Petliura and the pogroms
The Russians
The Poles
The Germans and Mennonites
Mennonites caught in the revolution
The Czechs
The Crimean Tatars
41 The West Ukrainian National Republic
Austria's Ukrainians prepare for their postwar future
West Ukrainian independence and war
The West Ukrainian government-in-exile
Bukovina and Transcarpathia
The Ukrainian revolution: Success or failure?
Part Nine: The Interwar Years
42 The Postwar Treaties and the Reconfiguration of Ukrainian Lands
The Paris Peace Conference
Soviet Ukraine and the Soviet Union
Treaty of Union between the Russian SFSR and the Ukrainian SSR
43 Soviet Ukraine: The Struggle for Autonomy
The government of Soviet Ukraine
The Communist party (Bolshevik) of Ukraine
The policy of Ukrainianization
Communism and the nationality question
Ukrainianization, the governing elite, and demographic change
Ukrainianization
Ukrainianization and the return of the émigrés
Ukrainianization in education
Ukrainianization in the arts
Religion
Ukrainianization in the era of transition
44 Soviet Ukraine: Economic, Political, and Cultural Integration
War communism and the New Economic Policy—NEP
NEP in Soviet Ukraine
The end of NEP
Central planning and industrialization
The collectivization of agriculture
Dekulakization and the Great Famine
Ukraine's Holocaust: The Great Famine of 1933
The apogee and the decline of Ukrainianization
The end of Ukrainianization
Purges and integration
The purges
45 Other Peoples in Soviet Ukraine
The Moldavian S.S.R. and the Moldovans in Soviet Ukraine
Nationality administration in the Soviet Union
The Russians
The Jews
The Poles
The Germans
The Crimean Tatars
The Greeks
The Bulgarians
46 Ukrainian Lands in Interwar Poland
The administrative status of Ukrainian-inhabited lands
The economic status of Ukrainian-inhabited lands
Poland's initial policies and Ukrainian reactions
The cooperative movement
Women and the Ukrainian national ethos
Ukrainian political parties, schools, and churches
Armed resistance and pacification
47 Ukrainian Lands in Interwar Romania and Czechoslovakia
Ukrainians in Romania
The Rusyns/Ukrainians of Czechoslovakia
Part Ten: World War II and the Postwar Years
48 The Coming of World War II
Germany and the 'new order' in Europe
Autonomy for Carpatho-Ukraine
The fall of Poland
The "reunification" of western Ukraine
The Generalgouvernement
49 World War II and Nazi German Rule
The German and Romanian invasions of Ukraine
Nazi rule in Ukraine
Nazi racial policies and the Holocaust
Thou shalt not kill
Nazi policies toward Ukrainians
Resistance to Nazi rule
50 Postwar Soviet Ukraine until the Death of Stalin
Wartime destruction and territorial expansion
Voluntary reunification, Ѕoviеt style
The minority question
Ethnic cleansing, Ѕoviеt style
Industrial and agricultural reconstruction
The nationality question
Western Ukraine
51 Post-Stalinist Soviet Ukraine
Ukraine under Khrushchev
The sixties phenomenon
Economic developments
The Brezhnev era—stability and st
